3 How swift changed the meat packing industry? Thus, Chicago's Big Three packersPhilip Armour, Gustavus Swift, and Nelson Morriswere in a position to influence livestock prices at one end of this complex industrial chain and the price of meat products at the other end. Swift devoted his time to teaching the employees about the companys methods and policies. Swift dies. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Is the Swift meat company still in business? It is owned by Chinas WH Group and bans ractopamine on company-owned and contract farms. Local butchers warned of dire consequences. Four good reasons to indulge in cryptocurrency! Dictionary of American Biography Base Set, American Council of Learned Societies, 1928-1936. When Swift died 18 years later, the capitalization of his company had increased to $25,000,000. Gustavus Swift. Alternate titles: Gustavus Franklin Swift. . Cornelius made his workers work long hours and paid them very Gustavus Swift passed away on March 29, 1903 in Lake Forest Chicago. Swift donated large sums of money to such institutions as the University of Chicago, the Methodist Episcopal Church, and the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA). Swift & Co. was broken down organizationally into various divisions, each one responsible for conducting a different aspect of the business of "bringing meat from the ranch to the consumer". His operations were notable examples of vertical integration, synergizing many of the usual steps of the meatpacking process into a single streamlined process. he donated most of his money tho churches. Less than 1% of the chicken we consume is imported from Canada and Chile. What does it mean that the Bible was divinely inspired? Retrieved February 23, 2023 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/gustavus-franklin-swift. very well actually. Swift devoted his time to teaching the employees about the companys methods and policies. Both Smith and Armour revolutionized the national meat industry: Gustavus Swift opened a butcher shop in Massachusetts in 1859. What did the Nazis begin using gas chambers instead of mobile killing units and shooting squads after a while? His legacy became embodied in the change of the American meat packing industry his support and idea of a refrigerated cart translated to the growth the American meat packing and processing industry. Swift, Louis F., in collaboration with Arthur Van Vlissinggen Jr., The Yankee of the Yards: The Biography of Gustavus Franklin Swift, A. W. Shaw, 1927. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Contents. How much did Gustavus Swift pay his workers? They had curled-hair works for the cattle tails, and a 'wool pullery' for the sheepskins; they made pepsin from the stomachs of the pigs, and albumen from the blood, and violin strings from the ill-smelling entrails. DISCovering U.S. History,http://galenet.galegroup.com, 1997. Gustavus Swift (1839-1903) headed a large American corporation that revolutionized the meatpacking industry by using refrigerated railroad cars, strict cost controls at his plants, and "vertical integration." Gustavus Swift, in full Gustavus Franklin Swift, (born June 24, 1839, West Sandwich [now Sagamore], Massachusetts, U.S.died March 29, 1903, Chicago, Illinois), founder of the meatpacking firm Swift & Company and promoter of the railway refrigerator car for shipping meat. What is provision for income taxes income statement? The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". What is the answer punchline algebra 15.1 why dose a chicken coop have only two doors? This answer is: Gustavus Swift, a shrewd cattle dealer, invented the assembly line (p.547). 7 How did John Swift change the meat processing system? (61 42) 66-2822 He founded a meat-packing empire in the Midwest during the late 19th century, over which he presided until his death. In l890, the Chicago meatpacking industry was the greatest concentration of labor and capital in the world. He also motivated his employees to focus on the company's profit goals by adhering to a strict policy of promotion from within. 2019Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. A refrigerator car (or reefer) is a refrigerated boxcar (U.S.), a piece of railroad rolling stock designed to carry perishable freight at specific temperatures. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The Many Lives Of Hazel Bryan Answer Key. Upon arrival at the local processing facility, livestock were either slaughtered by wholesalers and delivered fresh to nearby butcher shops for retail sale, smoked, or packed for shipment in barrels of salt. The total value of all goods and services that a country produces is called its He bought railroad companies and iron mines. A butchers helper at the age of 14, Swift became a buyer and slaughterer of cattle in 1859 and also opened a butcher shop in Eastham, Massachusetts. He hired engineers and chemists to find uses for the byproducts of cattle slaughter. Carnegie also created a vertical combination, an idea first implemented by Gustavus Swift. Gustavus Swift. Soon afterward he left Hathaway. He displayed the cuts he needed to sell first and offered smaller cuts, which seemed to induce shoppers to buy more. (Swift once bragged that his slaughterhouses had become so sophisticated that they used "everything but the squeal.") He was also a benefactor of St. James Methodist Episcopal Church. How are Gustavus Swift and Philip Armour linked? Although he was strict, he motivated the employees by making them focus on the companys profit goals by following a strict policy of promotion from within. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. How did Gustavus Franklin Swift solve the meat problem? How did Swift transform the American meat industry? He established Northwestern Universitys School of Oratory in memory of his daughter, Annie May Swift, who died while a student there. Encyclopedia.com. Fax: (61 42) 66-4859 Gustavus Franklin Swift/Parents. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". 1924 The Royal We. Copy. Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. Following the end of the American Civil War, Chicago emerged as a major railway center, making it an ideal point for the distribution of livestock raised on the Great Plains to Eastern markets. Certain inefficiencies were inherent in the process of transporting live animals by rail, particularly due to the fact that approximately 60% of the animal's mass is inedible. The railroads also opposed Swift, for they preferred the larger freight revenues from shipping live cattle. Once meat could be reliably shipped east, the Chicago slaughterhouse industry boomed, and such meat-packing companies as Swift and Armour made fortunes. The amount was almost twice the rate other car factories paid their workers. Automaker Henry Ford was a captain of industry who is considered to have treated his workers well. 1 How did Gustavus Swift invention impact society? wares attractively on large white marble trays. Gustavus Franklin Swift. "The House of Swift" slaughtered as many as two million cattle, four million hogs, and two million sheep a year. How did Gustavus Swifts introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry change food and ranching in the United States? Four good reasons to indulge in cryptocurrency! How did Gustavus Swift treat his workers? What did Gustavus Swift do with his money? It allowed meat to be shipped long distances. Johnson integrated Essex County employers, who treated He founded a meat-packing empire in the Midwest during the late 19th century, over which he presided until his death. His practices helped overcome consumer mistrust of processed meat and inspired the vast, mechanized meatpacking businesses depicted in Upton 2012-05-07 14:00:36. very well actually. In 1895, he donated money for a building in memory of his daughter, Annie May Swift, that eventually became Northwestern When did Gustavus Swift form his first business? John Tyson He established Northwestern University 's "School of Oratory" in memory of his daughter, Annie May Swift, who died while a student there. Best Answer. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it. Copy. select the suffix that means surgical creation of an opening, charles and alyssa new nose before and after, list of juvenile detention centers in virginia, slogan on occupy movements and intervention, Weather In Icy Strait Point Alaska In August, Is 5 Days Of Antibiotics Enough For Diverticulitis, Australian Mathematics Competition Awards. The two largest packing houses, run by Philip Armour and Gustavus Swift, did a business worth $200 million a year. Henry Ford treated his workers with care, having implemented a $5 daily wage for the workers in 1914. Transgressions such as these were first documented in Upton Sinclair's fictional novel The Jungle, the publication of which shocked the nation and led to the passing of the Federal Meat Inspection Act of 1906. I heard that that the U.S. may soon begin importing cooked chicken from China. Skip to main content 200. Who was the founder of Swift and Company? What is error code E01-5 on Toyota forklift. How did Gustavus Swift invention impact society? As an upstart among more established firms such as Armour, Swift assumed this entrepreneurial role and built this organization by developing a new product beef slaughtered and butchered in one location and sold in another and more fundamentally, a new process for making and selling this new product. In 1878 Swift formed a partnership with his brother, and in 1885, with capital of $300,000, he incorporated the firm of Swift & Company, with himself as first president. "You can do anything if you have en, Gustavus Adolphus College: Narrative Description, Gutch, Gene, (real name, Romeo Maximilian Eugene Ludwig Gutsche), Gutenberg, Johann ca. https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/gustavus-franklin-swift, "Gustavus Franklin Swift 6 When did Gustavus Swift form his first business? His practices helped overcome consumer mistrust of processed meat and inspired the vast, mechanized meatpacking businesses depicted in Upton Sinclair's infamous 1906 novel The Jungle. Detroit's William Davis patented a refrigerator car that employed metal racks to suspend the carcasses above a frozen mixture of ice and salt. Sagamore was one of the words used by northeastern Native Americans to designate an elected chief or leader. How many kids were in the Swift family? Our 1915 'Safety First' campaign cut plant accidents in half. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. He took the business westward, to Albany and Buffalo, New York, and finally to Chicago in 1875. He is credited with the development of the first practical ice-cooled railroad car, Who was the founder of Swift and Company? When railroads balked at investing in refrigerator cars, they purchased their own and leased them to the railroads. What age did Henry VIII marry his first wife? Who was the founder of Swift and Company? The firms of Swift, Armour, Morris, and three others were indicted for price fixing and other business conspiracies. his own and not hire any one. Armour and Edward Morris, he formed the National Packing Company the Beef Trusta combination subsequently dissolved by the U.S. Supreme Court (1905). Web site: http://www.opel.com When did armour and swift close their Fort Worth plant? Munich D-80788 He displayed the cuts he needed to sell first and offered smaller cuts, which seemed to induce shoppers to buy more. Still, railroad-car refrigeration technology was inadequate for the rest of year, and even in the winter months proved problematic: a shipment might freeze in one city, then thaw in another. Swift and a few others helped change the system by slaughtering beef and hogs and packing their meat in Chicago before shipping it to points East. 4 When did armour and swift close their Fort Worth plant? He is credited with the development of the first practical ice-cooled railroad . What do the parents perceive as their role to the Day Care worker? What is the Christmas meal in France called? However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. He began a meat wagon business and soon became a wholesale cattle dealer. In 1875, he moved his base to Chicago. 2 How did Gustavus Swifts introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry change food and ranching in the United States? Within the Cite this article tool, pick a style to see how all available information looks when formatted according to that style. Although he was strict, he motivated the employees by making them focus on the company's profit goals by following a strict policy of promotion from within. Refer to each styles convention regarding the best way to format page numbers and retrieval dates. How did Gustavus Swift invention impact society? In 1902, the company came under federal scrutiny as the first of the anti-trust prosecutions brought by the U.S. Attorney General on orders from President Theodore Roosevelt. In Copy. 3 Is the Swift meat company still in business? It was a railroad hub serving all regions of the country and was close to the Great Plains. Written By: Gustavus Swift, in full Gustavus Franklin Swift, (born June 24, 1839, West Sandwich [now Sagamore], Massachusetts, U.S.died March 29, 1903, Chicago, Illinois), founder of the meatpacking firm Swift & Company and promoter of the railway refrigerator car for shipping meat. That same year, the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain Railroad (O&LC) began shipping butter to Boston in purpose-built freight cars, utilizing ice to cool the contents. Encyclopedia of World Biography. In 1862, Swift and his new bride opened a small butcher shop and slaughterhouse. He mounted large-scale advertising campaigns to win public confidence and made advantageous partnerships with local butchers. Yankee Butcher Carnegie created a vertical combination, an idea first implemented by Gustavus Swift. 70546 Stuttgart He was one of 12 children and was educated at a local school, which he left at age 14. Answer: The meatpacking industry was most affected by the refrigerated rail car. He was introduced to the meat-packing industry at a very early age; his father and several brothers were modestly successful butchers. He expanded into pork and mutton products as well, and at the start of the twentieth century the company he had founded just 15 years earlier was worth $25 million. However, through most of the rest of the century, meat processing was pretty much limited to the cold winter months. 1943: Despite Word War II, Swift plants continue to operate at full capacity; G.F. Gustavus Swift passed away on March 29, 1903 in Lake Forest Chicago. Both Armour and Swift had huge, outdated plants that now contended with risings costs, wages and administrative expenses. Reasonably well. Explanation: The railroads were used by the ranchers to deliver a large quantity of raw meat to the different processing plants in different parts of the country. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Management of the company remained in family hands, for Swift was fond of asserting "I can raise better men than I can hire." Government legislationsuch as the Pure Food and Drug Act of 1906, the Meat Inspection Act, and the Packers and Stockyards Act of 1921soon regulated the meat industry. Gustavus Swift (1839-1903) headed a large American corporation that revolutionized the meatpacking industry by using refrigerated railroad cars, strict cost controls at his plants, and "vertical integration." Swift married Annie Maria Higgins of North Eastham in 1861. Australian Mathematics Competition Awards, This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Is the singer Avant and R Kelly brothers? JBS Sales: $22.5 billion His legacy became embodied in the change of the American meat packing industry his support and idea of a refrigerated cart translated to the growth the American meat packing and processing industry. Carnegie also created a vertical combination, an idea first implemented by Gustavus Swift. Although he was strict, he motivated the employees by making them focus on the companys profit goals by following a strict policy of promotion from within. The conglomerate owns beloved brands like Hillshire Farms, Jimmy Dean and Aidells sausages. Lottery Winners Death Statistics, He believed that well-paid workers would be happier and more efficient. What did Gustavus Franklin Swift do for a living? Lorem Ipsum has been the industrys standard dummy text ever since the 1500s, when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. How did Gustavus Swift invention impact the food industry infer? This led to a fast pace of advance in which Sherman's army practiced one of the first instances of total war in history. Meanwhile, Swift saw his company grow into one of the nations main meatpacking companies, with a reach throughout the United States. mazda mx6 for sale near california; fake corn stalks hobby lobby; nick bolton biography; firearms auction saskatchewan; restaurants near lynnhaven mall Telephone: +49-893-822-4272 By giving them low payment barely enough to support a family while he kept all of the rest for himself. Who was Gustavus Swift and why was he important? These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. Armours innovations including bringing live hogs to the metropolis for slaughter, inventing an assembly line system for the dis-assembly of hogs, canning the product, economy of scale and efficiency in detail. JBS S.A. How did gustavus swift treat his workers? He is credited with the development of the first practical ice-cooled railroad car, which allowed his company to ship dressed meats to all parts of the country and abroad, ushering in the "era of cheap beef." john pawlowski obituary; how to prevent albinism during pregnancy; honeyglow pineapple vs regular pineapple; nickelodeon live show tickets; goway travel liquidation Three years later Swift, the cattle buyer for the firm, transferred his headquarters to Chicago, where the centre of the cattle market had shifted. How old was Gustavus Swift when he became a butcher? Where does Chick Fil A get their chicken? His real opponents were much more formidable. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Plate Appearances By Batting Order, Swifts technological innovation enabled his company to deliver fresh meat from meat-packing centers in the Midwest to large urban markets in the Northeast. Seven years later Gustavus and Annie moved the family to the Brighton neighborhood of Boston, where in 1872 Swift became partner in a new venture, Hathaway and Swift. More than 25,000 men, women, and children worked in this empire of blood and order, he was a captain of industry. chicago sports agency internship; airpod shotgun for sale. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. (February 23, 2023). Sinclair, Upton, The Jungle, New American Library, 1906. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Four different kinds of cryptocurrencies you should know. In 1895, he donated his money for a building in memory of his daughter, Annie May Swift, that eventually became Northwestern University's School of Speech. Porsche Cayman Usata Toscana, Why is Taylor Swift important to the world? Profits rose because of Swift's belief that cleanliness reduced spoilage and losses. When he died in 1903, his company was valued at between US$125 million and $135 million, and had a workforce of more than 21,000. His wealth amounted about $50 million. D-6090 Russelsheim When there was nothing else to be done with a thing, they first put it into a tank and got out of it all the tallow and grease, and then they made it into fertilizer.". Volkswagen A.G. He is credited with the development of the first practical ice-cooled railroad car,. U.S.A. Encyclopedia.com. Wiki User. Fifty years later, Armour hot dogs are still going strong, with 18.46 million Americans choosing the brand in 2017. Swift died on March 29, 1903, in Chicago, Illinois, after an operation caused internal bleeding. How swift changed the meat packing industry? In 1971, Swift closed down its operation there, just as, over time, it elsewhere closed many of its plants, partly because for a while it got out of the beef business and partly because the meat industry no longer had to depend on railroads for shipping its products. The House of Swift slaughtered as many as two million cattle, four million hogs, and two million sheep a year. Putting Workers First. Gustavus Swift was born June 24, 1839 in Sagamore, Massachusetts. In l890, the Chicago meatpacking industry was the greatest concentration of labor and capital in the world. In 1878 Swift formed a partnership with his brother, and in 1885, with capital of $300,000, he incorporated the firm of Swift & Company, with himself as first president. He was quite nice though he tended to go on his own and not hire any one. Who are the parents of Gustavus Franklin Swift? 200. Swift devoted his time to teaching the employees about the companys methods and policies. It does not store any personal data. A 1,000-pound steer might yield 600 pounds of beef, but the rest was a loss for the company, since someone had to be paid to cart it away. As early as 1842 the Western Railroad of Massachusetts was reported in the June 15 edition of the Boston Traveler to be experimenting with innovative freight car designs capable of carrying all types of perishable goods without spoilage. ", Scheduled To Close: Swift & Co. Plant Was a Boon to SSF, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gustavus_Franklin_Swift&oldid=1104968221, Boyle, Elizabeth and Rodolfo Estrada. In addition to competing successfully with Nelson Morris and Philip D. Armour, Swift established distributing houses in such cities as Tokyo, Shanghai, and Manila and packing plants at St. Louis, Kansas City, and Omaha. ; 3 How did Carnegie Steel use vertical integration? What were two words describing how he treated his workers? Swift purchased livestock at the market in Brighton and drove them to Eastham, a ten-day journey. Gustavus Swift. He began a meat wagon business and soon became a wholesale cattle dealer. Swift's was one of first companies in modern business history to boast complete "vertical integration:" it had departments for purchasing, production, shipping, sales, and marketing. . The work was divided into myriad specific sub-tasks, which were carried out under the direction of supervisory personnel. Gustavus Swift revolutionized the meatpacking industry. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Swift donated large sums of money to such institutions as the University of Chicago, the Methodist Episcopal Church, and YMCA. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". Chicago and the birth of the meat-packing industry Gustavus Franklin Swift This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Gustavus-Swift, Internet Archive - "The Yankee of the Yards; the Biography of Gustavus Franklin Swift". Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. Swifts solution to these problems was to devise a method to ship dressed meats from his packing plant in Chicago to the East. They started thinking about how to expand nationally and bought several companies in Brazil in the 1990s. For example, his wealth was so vast that he was able to help bail out the federal government twice during an economic crisis, first in 1895 and again in 1907. Swift was also an innovator in automating his plant. The amount was almost twice the rate other car factories paid their Best Answer. Rockefeller and Carnegie did not do anything bad in a then current context. How did Gustavus Swift change the US? Wiki User. Three years after his death, the value of the company's capital stock topped $250 million. How did Gustavus Swifts introduction of refrigeration to the meat packing industry change food and ranching in the United States? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. Germany Although he was strict, he motivated the employees by making them focus on the companys profit goals by following a strict policy of promotion from within. His parents were descendants of British settlers who went to New England in the 17th century. Sarah Kelly Reporter, Swift expanded his operations rapidly. How did Gustavus Swift treat his workers? Swift was born on June 24, 1839 in Sagamore, Massachusetts, the 9th of 12 offspring of William Swift and Sally Crowell. Armours innovations including bringing live hogs to the metropolis for slaughter, inventing an assembly line system for the dis-assembly of hogs, canning the product, economy of scale and efficiency in detail. His father advances him $20 for a heifer, with which Swift makes a $10 profit. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". During the same period Swift experimented by moving cut meat using a string of ten boxcars which ran with their doors removed, and made a few test shipments to New York City during the winter months over the Grand Trunk Railway (GTR). How To Smoke Chicken Feet For Dogs, Germany He tried it with one carload in the winter of 1877, and it was a success. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. The introduction of refrigerated rail cars opened a national market for him and competitors such as Gustavus Swift. Answer (1 of 2): What were the bad things that John D. Rockefeller and Carnegie did? At 16, he decided to move to Boston, but his father loaned him $25 as an inducement to stay. In 2005 JBS bought Swift Armour S.A., Argentinas largest bovine meat producer and exporter. By this time Swift had wed Annie Higgins; they would have nine children. Carnegie also wanted productive workers. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Henry Ford treated his workers with care, having implemented a $5 daily wage for the workers in 1914. Incorporated: 193, 1000 Chrysler Drive From such things as feet, knuckles, hide clippings, and sinews came such strange and unlikely products as gelatin, isinglass, and phosphorus, bone black, shoe blacking, and bone oil. Join now to read essay Gustavus Swift. The significant role played by bitcoin for businesses! In response, Swift, Armour, and Morris merged into the National Packing Company; others soon joined, and their hold on the beef industry remained strong. The population was 3,623 at the 2010 census. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. He borrowed money and began his own steel mill. Henry Ford Gustavus Swift revolutionized the meatpacking industry. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. When did Gustavus Swift form his first business? Study now. When railroads balked at investing in refrigerator cars, they purchased their own and leased them to the railroads. How did John Swift change the meat processing system? It is from this position that Swift led the way in revolutionizing how meat was processed, delivered, and sold. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". Purchase by JBS On July 12, 2007, JBS purchased Swift & Company in a US$1.5-billion, all-cash deal. The company was founded in Chicago in the 1880s by Gustavus Franklin Swift, inventor of the refrigerated railway car. Head of Big Packing Company Dies from Internal Hemorrhages. Gustavus Franklin Swift, Sr. Gustavus Franklin Swift, Sr. (June 24, 1839 March 29, 1903) was an American business executive. (O 53 61) 90 What did Gustavus Franklin Swift do for a living? The company became a driving force in the Chicago meat packing industry, and was incorporated in 1885 as "Swift & Co." with $300,000 in capital stock and Gustavus Swift as president. Swift felt that meatpacking would be more profitable than meat selling if a method could be devised for shipping fresh meat from Chicago to the East, instead of sending live cattle to be slaughtered on arrival, as was the custom. He became the partner of James A. Hathaway, a Boston meat dealer, in 1872. Like Carnegie, he used _____. His meatpacking plants revolutionized the industry, introducing refrigerated railroad cars and implementing strict cost controls. In 1872, he entered into a partnership with James A. Hathaway, a Boston meat dealer. These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Wolfsburg Swift devoted his time to teaching the employees about the companys methods and policies. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. What kind of business did Gustavus Swift have? The Swift who revolutionized the meatpacking industry for all time was soon on his way to being a driven man, whose incessant push began in 1855 with a $25 "bribe." When, at 14, he became a butcher's helper; his employer was an older brother, Noble Swift. He founded a meat-packing empire in the Midwest during the late 19th century, over which he presided until his death.